🇮🇳 India
Earth observation for India.
The questions scientists and policymakers in India actually ask — monsoon and water, air and heat, agriculture, hazards and the coast — answered from NASA and partner satellites. Every question has a scientist-grade method, a runnable notebook you can point at any district, and — where the data allows — a real verified answer.
30 verified climate-trend answers, already computed for Indian regions on real ERA5 data — 14 show a statistically significant trend (temperature warming almost everywhere; rainfall mostly uncertain, except Assam's significant decline). See them on /verify →◈ Water & the monsoon
The defining Indian variable — and the hardest to trend honestly.
How have rainfall and temperature changed over my region in recent decades?
atmosphere · climate · hydrology
How much rainfall has my region had this year compared to the 30-year normal?
hydrology · precipitation · climate-anomaly
Has the monsoon's arrival date over my region shifted earlier or later? new
hydrology · precipitation · agriculture
Are downpours getting more intense, even if the yearly total isn't changing? new
hydrology · precipitation · climate
What's happening with groundwater in my region?
hydrology · water-resources · agriculture
Is the reservoir my town depends on rising or falling — and who relies on it?
water-resources · hydrology · drought
Is my reservoir / lake / river running low compared to historical normals?
hydrology · water-resources · drought
Where is surface water, and how is it changing over time?
hydrology · water-extent · climate
Is a drought quietly building across my region before the harvest fails?
hydrology · agriculture · drought
Is a flash drought drying out my region's soil before anyone notices?
drought · hydrology · agriculture
❀ Agriculture & food security
Half the workforce, monsoon-bound, warming fast.
Is terminal heat stressing the wheat during grain-fill this season? new
land · agriculture · food-security
Is my region shifting from one crop a year to two or three? new
biosphere · agriculture · land
How much water are crops in my area using, and are they water-stressed?
hydrology · agriculture · drought
Is the growing season shifting — are plants greening up earlier or staying green longer?
biosphere · vegetation · climate
◍ Air quality & health
The world's worst urban air — sources are separable from space.
How has air quality changed in my city over the last decade?
atmosphere · air-quality · public-health
Is the air in my city getting more polluted — and how many people are breathing the worst of it?
atmosphere · public-health · urban
Are crop-residue fires upwind turning my city's air toxic? new
atmosphere · air-quality · agriculture
When a dust storm blows in, how bad is the air — and who's downwind?
atmosphere · air-quality · public-health
Did a wildfire impact downwind air quality, and how far did the smoke reach?
atmosphere · fire · air-quality
▰ Heat & cities
Heatwaves and the urban heat island, over the people exposed.
How has the urban heat island in my city changed over decades?
land · urban · climate
When a heatwave hits my city, which neighborhoods bake the hottest — and who lives there?
land · urban · public-health
How fast is my city sprawling — in built-up land and at night?
human-dimensions · land · urbanization
Is light pollution / electrification changing in this region?
urban · infrastructure · biodiversity
◐ Climate & greenhouse gases
What the trend actually is — measured, with refusals where the data won't say.
How have rainfall and temperature changed over my region in recent decades?
atmosphere · climate · hydrology
How is global atmospheric CO₂ changing, and where are the strongest sources?
atmosphere · greenhouse-gases · carbon-cycle
Has methane increased near this oil/gas infrastructure?
atmosphere · greenhouse-gases · energy
Where is methane rising from paddies, livestock, and landfills near me? new
atmosphere · greenhouse-gases · agriculture
Is Earth warming from the Sun, or from us?
atmosphere · climate · carbon
△ The Himalayan water towers
Glaciers, snow and the lakes that can burst.
Is the glacier above my valley thinning, and how fast?
cryosphere · climate · water-resources
How much of my region's water supply is locked in snow, and is the snowpack shrinking?
cryosphere · hydrology · water-resources
Is my river's snowmelt flood coming earlier as the mountains warm?
hydrology · cryosphere · water-resources
Is a glacial lake above my valley growing toward an outburst flood? new
cryosphere · hazards · water-resources
✦ Hazards & disaster response
Floods, cyclones, quakes, subsidence — during and after.
Where did the floodwater spread — even under clouds?
hydrosphere · hazards
After the cyclone made landfall, which villages and farms near me got flooded?
hydrology · disaster-response · water-extent
Was this region flooded after a recent storm?
hydrology · disaster-response · water-extent
Is the river through my town running high, and is a flood building upstream?
hydrology · disasters · water-resources
After days of monsoon rain, is the hillside above my village about to slide?
land · disaster-response · hydrology
Is the ground under my city sinking — and is groundwater pumping to blame?
solid-earth · hydrology · hazards
Did the power go out after this storm — and where?
cities · hazards
Who and what is exposed in this hazard zone?
cities · hazards
After this earthquake, where did the ground shift and the lights go out?
deformation · hazards
≈ Coasts & ocean
7,500 km of coast — rising seas, shifting shorelines, living waters.
How fast is sea level rising at my stretch of coast, and who is exposed?
ocean · climate · coastal
Is the shoreline near me advancing or retreating? new
ocean · coastal · hazards
Are the mangroves and coastal wetlands that protect my shore shrinking?
biosphere · coastal · hydrology
How are coastal sea-surface temperatures changing, and are marine heatwaves becoming more common?
ocean · climate · marine-ecosystem
Are the coral reefs near me heading for a bleaching summer?
ocean · climate · biosphere
Where are the productive, fish-rich waters off my coast — and when do they bloom?
ocean · biosphere · food-security
When and where do harmful algal blooms occur in my coastal waters?
ocean · biology · water-quality
♣ Forests & carbon
Western Ghats, the Northeast, central India.
⊕ India's own Earth observation · ISRO & IMD
India runs a world-class fleet — NASA data complements it, never replaces it. Most of this is free but behind a portal login (ISRO MOSDAC, NRSC Bhoonidhi, IMD Pune), so we can't auto-ingest it the way we do open catalogs; these entries point you to the source. The exception is NISAR, the NASA-ISRO radar, which is openly distributed through NASA Earthdata.
Cartosat-3 — India's sharp-eyed mapping satellite
ISRO · NRSC Bhoonidhi
IMD Gridded Rainfall — India's official rain record (1901+)
IMD · IMD Pune
INSAT-3DR — India's always-watching weather satellite
ISRO/IMD · MOSDAC
Megha-Tropiques — the India-France monsoon-water satellite
ISRO/CNES · MOSDAC
NISAR — the NASA-India radar that sees through cloud
ISRO/NASA · NASA Earthdata / ASF
Oceansat-3 — India's ocean-colour & fisheries satellite
ISRO · MOSDAC
ResourceSat-2A — India's land & crop mapping satellite
ISRO · NRSC Bhoonidhi
RISAT / EOS-04 — India's all-weather radar satellite
ISRO · NRSC Bhoonidhi
SARAL/AltiKa — the India-France sea-level satellite
ISRO/CNES · MOSDAC
ScatSat-1 — India's ocean-wind satellite
ISRO · MOSDAC
Every question works for any area on Earth — here they're framed for India with Indian default regions. Open one, draw your district, and download the notebook. The verified answers are computed on Google Earth Engine and marked “computed — not yet scientist-verified.”