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Full catalog/M2TMNXOCN
M2TMNXOCN·v5.12.4·dataset

Monthly sea surface conditions (MERRA-2)

MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_ocn_Nx: 2d,Monthly mean,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Ocean Surface Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TMNXOCN) at GES DISC
atmosphere NASA GES_DISC Level 4 active
In plain English

What it measures. Monthly average conditions at the ocean surface, such as sea surface temperature and the exchange of heat and energy between the ocean and the air above it.

How it's made. Part of NASA's MERRA-2 reanalysis, which blends decades of satellite observations with a weather model to produce a consistent global record on a roughly half-degree grid.

How & where you'd use it. Supports climate and ocean research that needs a long, gap-free record of sea surface conditions back to 1980.

What's measured

ATMOSPHERE › ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION › HEAT FLUXOCEANS › OCEAN HEAT BUDGET › HEAT FLUXOCEANS › SEA ICE › HEAT FLUXCRYOSPHERE › SEA ICE › HEAT FLUXATMOSPHERE › ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION › LONGWAVE RADIATIONOCEANS › OCEAN HEAT BUDGET › LONGWAVE RADIATIONATMOSPHERE › ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION › SHORTWAVE RADIATIONOCEANS › OCEAN HEAT BUDGET › SHORTWAVE RADIATIONATMOSPHERE › ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR › WATER VAPOR PROCESSES › WATER VAPOR TENDENCYATMOSPHERE › ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR › WATER VAPOR PROCESSES › WATER VAPOR FLUXATMOSPHERE › CLOUDS › CLOUD DYNAMICSATMOSPHERE › CLOUDS › CLOUD MICROPHYSICSTERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE › SNOW/ICEATMOSPHERE › PRECIPITATION

Coverage & cadence

  • Time span1980-01-01 → ongoing
  • Measured byMERRA-2 (NOT APPLICABLE)
  • Processing levelLevel 4
  • Spatial extent-180, -90, 180, 90
  • StatusACTIVE

What you can do with it

  • Map air pollutants — NO₂, aerosols, ozone
  • Track greenhouse gases and Earth's energy budget
  • Feed weather and air-quality analysis
Official description

M2TMNXOCN (or tavgM_2d_ocn_Nx) is a time-averaged 2-dimensional monthly mean data collection in Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2). This collection consists of ocean surface diagnostics, such as open water skin temperature (sea surface temperature), open water latent energy flux, open water upward sensible heat flux, and open water net downward longwave ( or shortwave ) flux . The collection also includes variance of certain parameters. MERRA-2 is the latest version of global atmospheric reanalysis for the satellite era produced by NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) using the Goddard Earth Observing System Model (GEOS) version 5.12.4. The dataset covers the period of 1980-present with the latency of ~3 weeks after the end of a month. Data Reprocessing: Please check “Records of MERRA-2 Data Reprocessing and Service Changes” linked from the “Documentation” tab on this page. Note that a reprocessed data filename is different from the original file. MERRA-2 Mailing List: Sign up to receive information on reprocessing of data, changing of tools and services, as well as data announcements from GMAO. Contact the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov) to be added to the list. Questions: If you have a question, please read "MERRA-2 File Specification Document", “MERRA-2 Data Access – Quick Start Guide”, and FAQs linked from the ”Documentation” tab on this page. If that does not answer your question, you may post your question to the NASA Earthdata Forum (forum.earthdata.nasa.gov) or email the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov).

Get the data

m2tmnxocn_access.py
import earthaccess
earthaccess.login(strategy="netrc")          # free Earthdata Login

results = earthaccess.search_data(
    short_name="M2TMNXOCN",
    version="5.12.4",
    bounding_box=(-122.5, 37.2, -121.8, 37.9),  # your area (W,S,E,N)
    temporal=("2024-01-01", "2024-12-31"),       # your dates
)
files = earthaccess.open(results)   # stream straight from GES_DISC
Browsing CMR needs no login. Downloading or streaming bytes needs a free Earthdata Login + the earthaccess package.